1794 – Maximilien Robespierre, a leading figure of the French Revolution, was sent to the guillotine.
1868 – The Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, guaranteeing due process and the equal protection of the laws to former slaves, was declared in effect.
1914 – World War I began as Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia.
1945 – A U.S. Army bomber crashed into the 79th floor of New York City’s Empire State Building, killing 14 people.
1965 – President Lyndon B. Johnson announced he was increasing the number of American troops in South Vietnam from 75,000 to 125,000.
2016 – At a news conference, presidential candidate Donald Trump expressed the hope that the Russians could recover thirty-thousand emails that were deleted from Hillary Clinton’s personal server.
