During a U.S. Senate Commerce Committee hearing, U.S. Senator John Curtis (R-UT) raised concerns about the addictive nature of social media algorithms and their harmful effects not only on children, but on teens and adults alike. Drawing on expert testimony and personal reflection, Curtis warned that today’s digital environment is fundamentally different from traditional forms of media, far more dangerous, and currently has no legal accountability for potential harms.
In a rapid series of questions, Curtis asked witnesses to confirm whether social media algorithms are designed to be addictive, whether companies track unhealthy usage patterns like compulsive refreshing and late-night use, and whether profit-driven business models outweigh user well-being. The witnesses unanimously agreed on all counts.
Witnesses also testified that internal company research documenting these harms exists and is increasingly becoming public through ongoing litigation, including a major case in California. Senator Curtis compared the moment to historic tobacco hearings, where executives denied harms despite clear internal evidence.
While much of the hearing focused on children, Senator Curtis deliberately expanded the conversation to adults, asking experts whether the documented mental health impacts extend beyond youth. Witnesses confirmed that depression rates have doubled among young adults and that studies show reduced social media use leads to improved mental health outcomes in adults, including lower depression and higher happiness.
Additionally, Curtis highlighted legislation he introduced last year with Senator Mark Kelly (D-AZ)—the Algorithm Accountability Act—which would allow individuals harmed by algorithms to seek legal recourse. Read more about the legislation here.
