1609 – Henry Hudson discovers Delaware Bay.
1862 – Second Battle of Bull Run, also known as the Battle of Second Manassas begins. The battle ends on August 30.
1898 – Caleb Bradham’s beverage “Brad’s Drink” is renamed “Pepsi-Cola.”
1955 – Black teenager Emmett Till is brutally murdered in Mississippi for supposedly flirting with a white woman four days earlier. His alleged killers were acquitted.
1957 – Senator Strom Thurmond begins a filibuster to prevent the Senate from voting on the Civil Rights Act of 1957. He stopped speaking 24 hours and 18 minutes later, the longest filibuster ever conducted by a single Senator.
1963 – The Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr. gives his I Have a Dream speech during the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom.
1968 – Rioting takes place in Chicago during the Democratic National Convention, triggering a brutal police crackdown.
